Method for bifolding an article and article made thereby

ABSTRACT

A method is provided for bifolding articles on a high speed production line on which the articles are moved along a predetermined path. The method includes the use of a vacuum conveyor assembly to engage the leading end portion of an article and transport it in the machine direction, thereby potentially reducing the occurrence of undesirable misalignment of the article end edges during a bifolding process.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional application of U.S. Ser. No.12/203,336, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/967,896, filed Sep. 7, 2007.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Disclosed is a method for bifolding articles and the articles madethereby. More particularly, disclosed is a method for bifoldingdisposable absorbent articles such as diapers, training pants, andincontinence pads and bifolded articles having substantially aligned endedges.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Disposable absorbent articles, such as diapers, pull-on diapers,training pants, adult incontinence pads, wipes, facial tissue, toilettissue, napkins, paper towels and the like are often manufactured and/orpackaged on a high-speed production line where individual articles maymove along a production path at a speed of hundreds of meters perminute. During the manufacturing and/or packaging process it is notuncommon for the disposable absorbent article to undergo a foldingprocess. For example, a disposable diaper may undergo a bifoldingprocess prior to being placed in a package. In a bifolding process, anarticle is folded into two parts. The article may be folded in half inthe longitudinal direction such that two opposing portions of thearticle are brought together in a face-to-face configuration. At leastsome manufacturers of disposable diapers desire to provide a bifoldeddiaper that has a front end edge that is substantially aligned with aback end edge of the diaper. However, current manufacturing practicesoften do not provide the desired degree of alignment between the diaperend edges, resulting in a diaper that may have undesirablecharacteristics in the marketplace. The problem may be furthercompounded for so-called “training pant” diapers which, after beingfolded into a U in the same or similar way as conventional diapers, arejoined permanently, e.g., sealed, along the lateral portions to form aclosed annular girdle enabling the diaper to be used pant-fashion. Thehigh degree of precision for folding training pants may requireincreased accuracy beyond that of a traditional diaper, so that thelateral portions of the training pant, which are to be joinedpermanently, are configured with the desired overlap.

In one method for providing a folded absorbent article, a portion of aproduction line for making absorbent articles may include a primary rollfor carrying the absorbent article. The primary roll typically usessuction force, e.g. vacuum, to hold the absorbent article in the properposition during the folding process. The process may also include one ormore secondary rolls for pulling a portion of the absorbent article,typically the leading end portion, off of the primary roll. Thesecondary roll(s) may employ vacuum pressure to pull the leading portionof the absorbent article off of the first roll and hold the pulled offportion to the secondary roll surface of the second roll. As themanufacturing process or converting operation continues, more of theleading end portion of the article may continue to be pulled off of theprimary roll and attached to the secondary roll. Eventually, the articlemay be subjected to forces that pull the leading and trailing portionsof the article in substantially opposite directions. In some instances,clips or other mechanical holding means may be used to hold the middleportion of the absorbent article to the surface of the primary roll inorder to provide sufficient force to pull the leading end portion of thearticle off of the secondary roll. Typically, once the leading endportion of the article is pulled off of or released by the secondaryroll, the leading end portion will travel back toward the primary rollto continue through the folding process. However, when the leading endportion of the article is pulled/released from the secondary roll, itmay be subjected to turbulence or other forces that cause it to moveabout in an uncontrolled manner, potentially resulting in a foldedarticle with undesirably misaligned end and/or side edges.

In order to overcome the problems associated with the uncontrolledmovement of the leading end portion when it is separated from thesecondary roll, some manufacturers may add a transfer roll or conveyorconfigured with a vacuum system to receive the leading end portion ofthe absorbent article and transfer it back to the primary roll.Typically, the surface of the transfer roll or conveyor includes aporous belt or other foraminous surface that allows the suction force ofthe vacuum system to be exerted at the surface of the conveyor or roll.The surface speed of the transfer conveyor or roll is typicallyconstant, and in some instances is set to match the surface speed of theprimary roll. In this way, the leading end portion of the article can betransferred back to the primary roll at about the same speed as thetrailing end portion is travelling, potentially reducing the chance formisalignment of the leading and trailing end portions during folding.However, when the leading end portion of the article is separated fromthe secondary roll, the relative speeds of the leading end portion andthe surface of the transfer conveyor or roll may still be substantiallydifferent. While the transfer roll or conveyor may be able to capturethe leading end portion and hold it to the conveyor or roll surface withvacuum pressure and thereby minimize uncontrolled movement, the leadingend portion may still end up in an undesirable configuration (e.g.,wrinkled, bunched, crooked, etc.) due to the rapid accelerationtypically experienced by the leading edge when it contacts the transferroll or conveyor.

In addition to the issues related to the different speeds of thetransfer conveyor surface and the leading end portion of the articlepointed out above, a transfer conveyor or roll may also reduce the speedand/or efficiency at which the manufacturing line can operate. In orderto reduce the amount of time it takes to transfer the leading endportion from the peel roll to the transfer conveyor/roll it may bedesirable to minimize the distance between the surface of the transferconveyor/roll and the surface of the secondary roll. However, thistypically results in clearances between these two components that onlypermit one article to be processed at a time. In other words, a secondleading end portion cannot be transferred to the secondary roll untilthe first leading end portion is sufficiently clear of the secondaryroll, or the progress of the second leading end portion may be impededby the presence of the first leading end portion. Further, providingsmaller clearances between the surfaces of the various rolls/conveyorsmay result in reduced manufacturing tolerances and robustness.

In another effort to address the problem of undesirably misaligned endedges, some manufacturers of absorbent articles may include additionalmaterial in the end edge portion of the absorbent article so that anymisaligned edges can be cut off during the production process. Thearticles having the cut end edges may appear to be more aligned andstill have an end edge of suitable length. But by providing additionalmaterial that must be cut off, material and manufacturing costs forproducing the absorbent article may increase undesirably. Additionally,other portions of the article may still be noticeably misaligned.

Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a system for foldingarticles and providing substantially aligned end and/or side edges onthe folded articles. It would also be desirable to provide a system formaking such articles without increasing the amount of raw materialrequired to make the absorbent article. It would further be desirable toprovide a system for making such articles at an increased manufacturingline speed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to provide a solution to the problem stated above, at least oneembodiment provides a method for folding an article into a bifoldconfiguration. The method comprises placing the article onto a foldingdrum surface. The article may have a leading end portion and a trailingend portion. The article may be held to the folding drum surface with aholding force. At least a portion of the leading end portion may betransferred to a peel-roll surface, which may be positioned adjacent thefolding drum surface. A peel-force may be applied to the leading endportion such that the leading end portion is held to the peel-rollsurface by the peel-force. At least a portion of the trailing endportion may be held to the folding drum surface. The leading end portionmay be transferred from the peel-roll surface to a movable surface of avacuum conveyor. The movable surface of the vacuum conveyor may beconfigured to have a first speed and a second speed. The movable surfaceof the vacuum conveyor may be driven by a drive mechanism coupled to themovable surface of the vacuum conveyor. The leading end portion may betransferred to the movable surface of the vacuum conveyor when themovable surface of the vacuum conveyor engages the leading end portionat the first speed. The movable surface of the vacuum conveyor may beconfigured to apply a vacuum force to the leading end portion. Theleading end portion may be held to the movable surface of the vacuumconveyor with the vacuum force. The movable surface of the vacuumconveyor may be accelerated to a second speed. The leading end portionmay be transferred from the movable surface of the vacuum conveyor tothe folding drum such that the leading end and the trailing end arealigned when the article is bifolded.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a partial cut away view of a diaper in its flat-out,uncontracted state with the body-facing surface oriented toward theviewer.

FIG. 2 is a simplified front view of an embodiment.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are cut-away views of bifold movable clamps of FIG. 2.

FIGS. 3-5 are simplified front views of an article progressing through afolding drum and a peel-roll.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a two-conveyor bifold apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a graphical depiction of a time versus speed relationship.

FIG. 8 is plan view of a disposable absorbent article configured for theAlignment Test.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions

“Absorbent article” means devices which absorb and contain body exudatesand, more specifically, refers to devices which are placed against or inproximity to the body of the wearer to absorb and contain the variousexudates discharged from the body. Nonlimiting examples of absorbentarticles include diapers, training pants, pull-on pant-type diapers,refastenable diapers or pant-type diapers, incontinence briefs andundergarments, diaper holders and liners, feminine hygiene garments suchas panty liners, absorbent inserts, and the like.

“Aligned” means an article in a bifold configuration having an averageCD accuracy and an MD accuracy of less than or equal to 3 mm, whenmeasured according to the Alignment Test.

“Bifold” means the leading edge portion and the trailing edge portion ofan article on a production line are brought together in a face-to-faceconfiguration along a fold line as the article moves in the machinedirection of travel.

“Disposable” means articles that are generally not intended to belaundered or otherwise restored or reused as absorbent articles (i.e.,they, are intended to be discarded after a single use and may berecycled, composted or otherwise discarded in an environmentallycompatible manner).

“Disposed” means the relative position of an element relative to anotherelement.

“Fold line” means the portion of an article about which the article isbifolded to form a leading end portion and a trailing end portion. Thefold line typically extends from one longitudinal edge to the otherlongitudinal edge in the lateral direction. In certain embodiments, thefold line may correspond to the lateral centerline of the article.

“Holding an article to the surface of a roll” means employing a holdingforce to one or more portions of an article in order to join the articleat least temporarily to the surface of a roll such that the article isinhibited or, ideally, prohibited from traveling in a directionsubstantially orthogonal to the surface of the roll without reducing orremoving the holding force and/or employing a peel-force. Thisdefinition is equally applicable to conveyers, e.g., the bifold conveyorassembly described hereinbelow.

“Joined” means configurations whereby an element is directly secured toanother element by affixing the element directly to the other elementand to configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured toanother element by affixing the element to intermediate member(s) whichin turn are affixed to the other element. A nonlimiting example ofdirectly joined would be a first element pressure bonded to a secondelement. A nonlimiting example of indirectly joined would be a firstelement joined to a second element by an intermediate layer of adhesive.

“Leading end portion” means that portion of a bifolded article that isforward of the fold line in the machine direction.

“Longitudinal” means a direction running substantially perpendicularfrom a waist edge to an opposing waist edge of an absorbent article whenthe article is in a flat out, uncontracted state, or from a waist edgeto the bottom of the crotch in a bifolded article. Directions within 45degrees of the longitudinal direction are considered to be“longitudinal.” “Lateral” refers to a direction running from alongitudinal edge to an opposing longitudinal edge of an article andgenerally at a right angle to the longitudinal direction. Directionswithin 45 degrees of the lateral direction are considered to be“lateral.”

“Machine direction” (also “MD” or “length direction”) means thedirection that is parallel to the direction of travel of an article orarticle element as it is processed in the forming apparatus. In a bifoldprocess, it may be possible to have more than one machine direction whenan article is undergoing simultaneous processes. In other words, amanufacturing line may have an overall machine direction, but an articlemay travel in directions other than the overall machine direction as itpasses through various process along the manufacturing line. Forexample, an article having a trailing end portion and a leading endportion, each portion being attached to the surface of a different roll,may travel in two different directions simultaneously. In this example,both directions of travel may be considered the machine direction. The“cross machine direction” or “cross direction” (also “CD” or “widthdirection”) refers to the direction perpendicular to the machinedirection and in the plane generally defined by the article or articleelement.

“Mechanically coupled” means two or more components that, directly orindirectly, act cooperatively to form a mechanism. For example, anelectric motor that drives the motion of a gate is said to bemechanically coupled to the gate. The mechanism of operation thatmechanically couples the component may be any one of a number ofcommonly known couplers, including but not limited to: having a shaftextending between the components; a universal joint; a transmission; alinkage; a sprocket and chain; a gear head on one of the components; agear box; a belt and pulley combination; a clutch mechanism; a springmember; a slider; a pivot; or other known forms of coupling two elementsmay also be considered mechanical coupling.

“Mechanically secured” means holding an object in place by a mechanicalmeans. For example, a web of material or an absorbent article held tothe outer surface of a roll with clips is considered to be mechanicallysecured. Conversely, holding a web of material or an absorbent articleto the surface of a roll with vacuum pressure or centrifugal force isnot an example of being mechanically secured.

“Peel force” means the force applied to an object in a direction that issubstantially perpendicular to the plane of the surface in which theobject lies or on which the object rests. A force applied in a directionwithin 45° of the perpendicular direction may be considered a peelforce.

“Point of Tangency” means a point between the surfaces of the foldingdrum and the peel-roll where a first straight line, which is extendedbetween the axes of rotation (i.e., parallel to the axes of rotation) ofthe folding drum and the peel-roll where the distance between theirouter surfaces is at a minimum, intersects a second straight line, whichis orthogonal to the first line and between the surfaces of the foldingdrum and the peel-roll. When the diameter of a roll or drum varies alongits axis of rotation, the portion of the roll or drum having the largestdiameter is used to determine the point of tangency.

“Shear force” means the force applied to an object in a direction thatis substantially parallel to the plane of the surface in which theobject lies or on which the object rests. A force applied in a directionwithin 45° of the parallel direction may be considered a shear force.

“Trailing end portion” refers to that portion of a bifolded article thatis after the fold line in the machine direction.

“Training pant(s)” or “pant(s)” mean disposable absorbent articlestypically having a pre-formed waist opening and leg openings. Thepre-formed waist opening in typically configured to provide a fixed,closed configuration around the waist of the wearer and is intended tobe put on the wearer by pulling the article over the legs of the wearer.Suitable examples of pants are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,120,487.

“Vacuum” and “vacuum pressure” mean a pressure of less than 13000Newtons per square meter.

For ease of understanding, portions of the following description may beexemplified in terms of an absorbent article. However, it is to beunderstood that while one or more particular examples recited herein mayrefer to a diaper or training pant, the present disclosure is notlimited to such articles. The disclosed bifold and article made therebymay, in fact, be practiced to great advantage in any situation where aprocess or an article exhibiting the following described characteristicsis required. In certain embodiments, the method and article describedherein may be practiced with the apparatus U.S. non-provisional patentapplication entitled “System For Bifolding An Absorbent Article” filedSep. 2, 2008 by Jay Burns, et al., and further identified by attorneydocket number 10896M2.

FIG. 1 shows a partial cut-away view of a diaper 20. The diaper 20 shownin FIG. 1 is in a flat-out, uncontracted state (e.g., with no elasticinduced contraction). The diaper 20 may include a liquid pervioustopsheet 22; a liquid impervious backsheet 24 joined with the topsheet22; an absorbent core 26 positioned between the topsheet 22 and thebacksheet 24; side panels 28; and leg cuffs 32. The diaper 20 mayfurther include an outer surface 52 opposed to the inner surface 50, afirst waist region 36, a second waist region 38 opposed to the firstwaist region 36, and a crotch region 37 positioned between the firstwaist region 36 and the second waist region 38. The diaper 20 may alsoinclude longitudinal edges 54, a first end edge 56A corresponding to thefirst waist region 36, and an opposing second end edge 56B correspondingto the second waist region 38. The diaper 20 may include a longitudinalcenterline 10 (e.g., positioned midway between the longitudinal sideedges 54) and a lateral centerline 86 (e.g., positioned midway betweenopposing end edges 56A and 56B) orthogonal thereto. The end edges 56Aand 56B may be substantially equal in width, as measured from opposinglongitudinal side edges 54 to the longitudinal centerline 10, or length,as measured from opposing end edges 56A and 56B to the lateralcenterline 86, in order to facilitate bifolding of the diaper 20, butneed not necessarily be so. The diaper 20 may be bifolded along thelateral centerline 86 such that the first waist region 36 and the secondwaist region 38 are configured in a face-to-face relationship along theinner surface 50. A bifolded diaper according to certain embodiments mayhave the first end edge 56A and the second end edge 56B aligned. Abifolded diaper according to certain embodiments may have thelongitudinal side edges 54 partially or entirely aligned (e.g., thelongitudinal side edges 54 may be aligned only in those areas that arevisible to a consumer and/or are to be permanently joined together).

FIG. 2 shows an example of a bifold assembly system 200 which may besuitable for bifolding an article according to the present method. Incertain embodiments, the absorbent article 225 being processed by thebifold assembly system 200 may be the diaper 20 shown in FIG. 1. Thepresent bifold method will generally be described with respect to asingle article 225, but it is to be understood that the method issuitable for processing a high volume of articles. In certainembodiments, the bifold method may be used to fold 800 articles perminute, 1000 articles per minute or any suitable number of articles perminute, as desired. Where the article to be bifolded is an absorbentarticle 225, the absorbent article 225 may be conveyed and placed onto arotating folding drum 230. In certain embodiments, a web of uncontractedabsorbent articles 205 may be conveyed to the folding drum 230 first,and then sheared into separate absorbent articles 225, for example, byknife roll 220 and the anvil roll 215 that make up cutting member 210.In certain embodiments, absorbent articles 225 may be pre-cut, forexample into absorbent articles having a length of 480 mm, andintroduced into the bifold process as discrete articles 225. The foldingdrum 230 may be a vacuum drum that rotates in the clockwise direction,as shown in FIG. 3, at a constant or variable speed. Suitable examplesof vacuum drums can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,904,802 and 6,513,221.The rotation speed of the folding drum 230 may be set to any suitablespeed or speeds depending on the desired line speed. The folding drummay be a 5-up drum, i.e., being capable of fitting five articles atonce. Other size folding drums may be suitable depending on thedimensions of the article being folded. Thus, for a 5-up drum, eachcycle includes folding one article, and for each cycle the folding drummay rotate between 70° and 74°, ideally the drum rotates 72° for eachcycle. In certain embodiments, the drum may be a 3-up drum, i.e.,capable of fitting three article at once, and may rotate between 118°and 122° for each cycle (ideally 120°. It is to be understood that thedrum may be configured to accommodate any number of absorbent articles,as desired. The absorbent article 225 may be transferred to the surface231 of the folding drum 230 such that the topsheet of the article 225 isfacing outward and the backsheet of the article 225 is held against thesurface 231 of the folding drum 230. The absorbent article 225 istypically oriented in relation to a predetermined path such that aleading end portion 250 of the absorbent article 225 is downstream of atrailing end portion 255 of the absorbent article 225 (i.e., the leadingend portion 250 enters a particular manufacturing process or sequence ofprocesses before the trailing end portion 255). The width of the foldingdrum 230 may be narrower than width of the article and/or one or morearticle components, and a portion of the absorbent article 225 may evenhang over one or more edges of the folding drum 230. In one nonlimitingexample, a portion of the side panel of a diaper may hang over from 12mm to 15 mm. Throughout the folding process, the bifold assembly system200 may control the positioning and movement of the absorbent article225 such that particular portions of the absorbent article 225 do notinterfere with or disrupt the bifold processing performed on theabsorbent article 225. The folding drum 230 may provide a holding forcesuch as, for example, a vacuum force to hold the absorbent article 225in a substantially flat, uncontracted state along the surface 231 of thefolding drum 230 until after the absorbent article 225 is folded and/orassembled.

As the absorbent article 225 rotates around the folding drum 230, thearticle 225 may be exposed to a variety of processes. The dashed circlesA-E shown in FIG. 2 identify the general location where the variousprocesses may be performed. At location A, the article 225 may besecured to the folding drum 230 with a securing force, for example, amechanical force provided by movable bifold clamps 235 or othermechanical securing system. The folding drum 230 may include at leastone set of movable bifold clamps 235, shown in more detail in FIGS. 2Aand 2B. The bifold clamps 235 may be controlled and driven by one ormore cams 237 from an open position, as shown in FIG. 2A, to a closedposition, as shown in FIG. 2B. The bifold clamps 235 may pivot inwardfrom the sides of the folding drum 230 and secure the article 225 to thesurface 231 of the folding drum 230 at a particular position, forexample, at or near the longitudinal centerline of the article 225 alongat least a portion of the longitudinal side edges. By way of exampleonly, the diaper 20 shown in FIG. 1 may be secured to the outer surfaceof the folding drum 230 by the bifold clamps 235 near the lateralcenterline 86 of the diaper 20 along at least of portion of thelongitudinal side edges 54. The bifold clamps 235 may continue to securethe article 225 to the surface of the folding drum 230 at or near aparticular portion of the absorbent article 225 until after the article225 is folded. An example of a clamping system may be found in U.S. Pat.No. 7,399,266, issued to Aiolfi, et al., Jul. 15, 2008. It is to beunderstood that embodiments wherein the securing force is provided byone or more vacuum forces, electrostatic forces, and/or magnetic forcesworking alone or in combination with each other or the bifold clamps 235are also contemplated herein.

The folding drum 230 may transport the article 225 to an adhesiveapplicator 240 at location B where an adhesive may optionally beapplied. The rotating folding drum 230 may transport the article 225toward a peel-roll 245. The peel-roll may be configured as a vacuumroll. The folding drum 230 and the peel-roll 245 may be positioned suchthat folding drum surface 231 is adjacent the peel-roll surface 232 atone or more locations. The folding drum 230 and the peel-roll 245 may beconfigured to rotate in opposite directions about axes that are parallelto each other. The minimum distance between the folding drum surface 231and the peel-roll surface 232 may be selected to permit an article 225to pass between the surfaces 231, 232 with little or no resistance. Forexample, at location C, the leading end portion 250 of the article 225may come into contact with the peel-roll surface 231 without theprogress of the article 225 being substantially impeded. The peel-roll245 may rotate at a constant speed such that the peel-roll 245 and thefolding drum 230 have similar or the same surface speed, e.g., within0.5%, 0.2%, 0.1%, or even identical. While the bifold assembly system200 may operate satisfactorily for a time when the speeds of the foldingdrum 230 and the peel-roll 245 are more than 0.5% different, the bifoldprocess may steadily degrade resulting in undesirable misaligned articleedges. Additionally or alternatively, the folding drum 230 and/orpeel-roll may rotate at variable speeds. In one example of anembodiment, the article 225 may have a length of 480 mm and thepeel-roll 245 may be 2-up, i.e., being capable of processing twoarticles 225 in one complete revolution (i.e., 360 degrees of rotation).In this embodiment, each cycle includes bifolding one article 225, andfor each cycle the peel-roll 245, ideally, rotates 180°. Other sizerolls with variable or constant speeds may be suitable depending on thedimensions of the article 225 being folded and the needs of the articlemanufacturer.

FIG. 3 shows the article 225 as it approaches the peel-roll 245.Typically, the first portion of the article 225 to arrive at peel-roll245 is the leading end portion 250. The peel-roll 245 may provide asuitable peel-force (e.g., vacuum pressure/suction) to attract and holdat least part of the leading end portion 250 when the leading endportion 250 is, e.g., at or in the vicinity of the point of tangency265. In one example of an embodiment, the peel-force exerted by thepeel-roll 245 may pull at least a portion of the leading end portion 250of the article 225 away from the folding drum 230. As the leading endportion 250 of the article 225 is pulled away from the folding drum 230,any force exerted by the folding drum 230 on the leading end portion 250of the article 225 may be simultaneously or sequentially removed orreduced. The peel-roll 245 may include a continuous recessed pocket 260about its perimeter to facilitate vacuum catching articles that haveportions of greater thickness than other portions of the article. In theexample of a disposable diaper, the area(s) of the diaper correspondingto the absorbent core is typically thicker than the area(s) that doesnot include the absorbent core. Therefore, in order to provide suitableclearances between the peel-roll 245 and the folding drum 230 (e.g.,bring them closer together) it may be desirable to configure therecessed pocket 260 of the peel-roll 245 to hold the absorbent core areaof the diaper. Other suitable peel-roll 245 configurations contemplatedherein include a peel-roll 245 comprising: a single recessed pocket 260around only a portion of the peel-roll 245; a plurality of recessedpockets 260 intermittently spaced around the peel-roll 245; or norecessed pocket 260.

At location D, the article 225 may begin to wrap around the peel-roll245 up to the portion of the article 225 secured by the bifold clamps235 and at least some portion(s) adjacent thereto. The portion of thearticle 225 secured by the bifold clamps 235 may correspondapproximately to the lateral centerline of the article 225, as shown inFIG. 5. As a larger portion of the article 225 is transferred to thepeel-roll 245, the holding force exerted by the folding drum. 230 on thearticle 225 or portions of the article 225 may be reduced or removedaccordingly. In embodiments comprising movable bifold clamps 235, thebifold clamps 235 typically remain in the closed position, therebypermitting the article 225 to only be transitioned to the peel-roll 245up to the portion of the article secured by bifold clamps 235 (“clampedportion” 236). The remaining portion of the article 225, i.e., thetrailing end portion 255 may be held against the folding drum surface231 by the holding force and/or securing force, for example, vacuumforce and/or bifold clamps 235.

As the folding drum 230 continues to rotate, the bifold clamps 235 andthe clamped portion 236 continue to move with the folding drum surface231. When the bifold clamps 235 reach a particular point in the process,they may exert a force such as, for example, a shear force on theleading end portion 250. The shear force felt by the leading end portion250 may be in a direction that is substantially different from or evenopposite the direction of rotation of the peel-roll 245. Thus, theleading end portion 250 may begin to slow down or even stop moving alongwith the peel-roll surface 232. The leading end portion 250 mayexperience slippage on the peel-roll 245 (i.e., the peel roll 245continues to rotate while the position of the leading end portionremains constant or even begins moving towards the folding drum 230),and as the folding drum 230 continues to rotate the leading end portion250 may eventually separate from the surface of the peel-roll 232.

FIGS. 2, 4, and 5 show examples of an embodiment of a bifold assemblysystem 200 that includes a bifold conveyer assembly 270. Configuring thebifold conveyor assembly 270 to act cooperatively with the folding drum230 and the peel-roll 245, as described hereinbelow, may provide asuitably aligned bifolded article. In order to configure the bifoldconveyor assembly 270 to act cooperatively with the folding drum 230 andthe peel-roll 245, it may be desirable to provide a variable speedvacuum conveyor 280 surface for engaging the leading end portion 250. By“engaging” it is generally meant coming into close proximity (e.g., <10cm, up to and including physically contacting the absorbent article 225)such that the suction present at the surface of the vacuum conveyor 280can be suitably applied to the absorbent article 225. In certainembodiments, the vacuum conveyor 280 may include a movable foraminousconveyor belt configured in an endless loop. In certain embodiments, thevacuum conveyor 280 may be in the form of a vacuum roll. It may bedesirable to slow or even temporarily stop the surface of the vacuumconveyor 280 from moving prior to, while, and/or after engaging theleading end portion 250. In certain embodiments, the surface of thevacuum conveyor 280 and the leading end portion 250 may be moving insubstantially the same direction (i.e., toward the folding drum 230). Asthe leading end portion 250 is separated from the peel-roll surface 232,at least partially due to the shear force exerted by the bifold clamps235, the bifold clamps 235 will typically continue to pull the leadingend portion 250 toward the folding drum 230 as the folding drum 230rotates. Therefore, the surface of the vacuum conveyor 280 may beconfigured to move at a relatively slow speed in the same direction asthe leading end portion 250 is moving (i.e., toward the folding drum230), and the relative speed between the leading end portion 250 and thesurface of the vacuum conveyor 280 during engagement may be reducedalong with the undesirable effects typically associated with a higherrelative speed engagement. In certain embodiments, the vacuum conveyor280 may engage the leading end portion 250 when the leading end portion250 is still held to the peel-roll surface 232. In such an embodiment,it may be desirable to completely stop the surface of the vacuumconveyor 280 prior to engaging the leading end portion 250.

Upon engaging the leading end portion 250, the bifold conveyer assembly270 may be configured to apply vacuum pressure to the leading endportion 250. It may be desirable to configure the suction exerted by thebifold conveyer assembly 270 to be strong enough to overcome thepeel-force exerted by the peel-roll 245. In certain embodiments, it maybe desirable to reduce or remove the peel-force exerted by the peel-roll245 when the absorbent article 225 reaches a desired position or whenthe vacuum conveyor 280 engages the leading end portion 250. Forexample, the suction exerted by the peel-roll 245 may be reduced orremoved when the clamped portion 236 reaches the point of tangency 265or after the clamped portion 236 passes through the point of tangency265. In certain embodiments, the vacuum conveyor 280 may engage theleading end portion 250 when the leading end portion 250 begins toexperience slippage due to the force exerted on the leading end portion250 by the clamps 235. In certain embodiments, the vacuum conveyor 280may engage the leading end portion 250 when the leading end portion 250is traveling in substantially the same direction as the vacuum conveyor280 (e.g., after the leading end portion separates from the peel-rollsurface 232). In certain embodiments, the moving surface of the vacuumconveyor 280 may be accelerated after engaging the leading end portion250 to match the surface speed of the folding drum 230. In this way, theleading end portion 250 and the trailing end portion 255 may betraveling at substantially the same speed when the two portions 250, 255are brought together in a face-to-face relationship. However,embodiments where the surface of the vacuum conveyor 280 is acceleratedduring or even prior to engaging the leading portion 250 are alsocontemplated herein.

In some instances, at least a portion of the surface of the vacuumconveyor 280 may be traveling in substantially the opposite direction asthe peel-roll 245, and consequently any premature engagement of thevacuum conveyor apparatus 280 with the leading end portion 250 such as,for example, before the leading end portion 250 separates from thepeel-roll surface 232 may undesirably impact the bifold process. Inorder to minimize or even eliminate the possibility of prematureengagement of the vacuum conveyor 280 with the leading end portion 250,it may be desirable to maintain a suitable distance or gap between thepeel-roll surface 232 and the surface of the vacuum conveyor 280 whenthe vacuum conveyor 280 is not engaging or attempting to engage theleading end portion 250. In certain embodiments, the surface of thevacuum conveyor 280 may be positioned relative to the peel-roll 245and/or folding drum 230 by a positioning mechanism mechanically coupledto the bifold conveyor assembly and/or the vacuum conveyor 280. Suitableexamples of positioning mechanisms include one or more cams, pistons,gears, pulleys, and the like. The positioning mechanism may beconfigured to automatically vary the distance between the surface of thevacuum conveyor 280 and the surface of the peel-roll 245 in a continuousor intermittent fashion. In certain embodiments, the distance betweenthe folding drum surface 231 and the surface of the vacuum conveyor 280may be held constant or varied, as desired. In certain embodiments, thevacuum conveyor 280 may pause at a particular position during the bifoldprocess, for example, at the “top of the upstroke” (i.e., when thedistance between the vacuum conveyor 280 and the peel-roll 245 is at aminimum), the “bottom of the downstroke” (i.e., when the distancebetween the vacuum conveyor 280 and the peel-roll 245 is at a maximum),and/or upon engaging the leading end portion 250. The positioningmechanism may have any suitable stroke length, for example, a strokelength of greater than 1 mm, between 1 mm and 20 cm, 1 mm and 20 mm, 1mm and 10 mm, or even 1 mm and 5 mm. The positioning mechanism may beconfigured to suitably position the vacuum conveyor 280 for engaging theleading end portion 250 during the “upstroke” (i.e., when the vacuumconveyor 280 is being brought closer to the peel-roll 245) and toprovide a suitable gap between the vacuum conveyor 280 and the peel-roll245 during the “downstroke” (i.e., when the vacuum conveyor 280 is movedfurther from the peel-roll 245). In certain embodiments, the positioningmechanism may be configured such that the leading end portion 250 istransferred to the vacuum conveyor 280 at the top of the upstroke.Additionally or alternatively, it may be desirable to vary the positionof the peel-roll surface 232 relative to the vacuum conveyor 280.Suitable gap distances are typically at least greater than the thicknessof the absorbent article 225, for example, greater than 1 mm, between 1mm and 20 cm, or even between 1 mm and 20 mm. One particularly suitablemethod of providing a gap may include a bifold conveyer assembly 270that includes a cam with a 3 mm stroke length for continuously varyingthe position of the vacuum conveyor 280 surface relative to thepeel-roll surface 232.

Folding processes that do not include a bifold conveyor assembly 270and/or a vacuum conveyor 280 may not be capable of controllably handlingthe leading end portion 250 in order to provide a bifolded disposableabsorbent article 225 having aligned end edges. Ideally, the leading endportion 250 is removed from the peel-roll 245 and held on the vacuumconveyor 280 such that the side edges and end edges of the absorbentarticle 225 are aligned when the leading end portion 250 and thetrailing end portion 255 are brought into a face-to-face configurationby the bifold assembly system 200. By providing a bifold conveyerassembly 270 that is capable of applying a peel-force to the leading endportion 250 at the peel-roll surface 232, the uncertainty as to how theleading end portion 250 will be oriented when it is released from thepeel-roll 245 may be reduced. When the leading end portion 250 is heldand transported by a variable speed and/or variable position vacuumconveyor 280, the amount of control that can be exercised over theorientation of the leading end portion 250 may also increase. Therefore,the ability of an operator of the bifold assembly system 200 to alignthe side edges and/or end edges of the absorbent article 225 mayincrease.

At location E in FIG. 2, the new leading end portion 290 of the foldedarticle may optionally enter the glue compression rolls 295, wherecomponents of the absorbent article 225 may be adhesively joined tothemselves or other components, as desired. The article may then betransported to a pair of compression rolls 298 to reinforce the optionaladhesive bond(s) with high-pressure bonding. The processes at location Emay be suitably configured for forming the bifolded article 225 into,e.g., a training pant product.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a bifold assembly system 600 with first andsecond bifold conveyor assemblies 670 and 770. The bifold assemblysystem 600 shown in FIG. 6 may be configured to operate in substantiallythe same manner as the single-conveyor bifold assembly system 200described above, with the exception of the process(es) described atlocation D. In this example, the first bifold conveyor assembly 670includes a first vacuum conveyor 680 for engaging the leading endportion 650 of an article 625 and transferring the leading end portion650 to the second vacuum conveyor 780 of the second bifold conveyorassembly 770. The first and second vacuum conveyors 680 and 780 may eachinclude one or more discrete movable surfaces such as, for example, oneor more belts configured in an endless loop and driven by a drivemechanism. The first and second vacuum conveyors 680 and 780 may beconfigured to provide suitable vacuum pressure to receive, hold, and/ortransfer the leading end portion 650. It may be desirable to vary theposition of the first vacuum conveyor 680 surface relative to the peelroll 645, for example, by including a positioning mechanism similar tothat described above in bifold assembly system 200. The second positionof the second vacuum conveyor 780 surface may be fixed relative to thesurface of the folding drum 630, but need not necessarily be so. Incertain embodiments, the first vacuum conveyor 680 may be configured toengage the leading end portion 650 at a suitable time and/or when theleading end portion 650 is in a suitable position, for example, at thetop of the upstroke of the vacuum conveyor 680 or when the leading endportion 650 reaches the point of tangency 665, and then transport theleading end portion 650 toward the receiving end 782 of the secondvacuum conveyor 780. It may be desirable to configure the first vacuumconveyor 680 to engage the leading end portion 650 when the surfacespeed of the first conveyor belt 681 is relatively slow, or even whenthe conveyor belt 681 is not moving at all, in order to decrease therisk of damaging the article 625. In addition, it is believed, withoutbeing limited by theory, that engaging the leading end portion 650 witha slow moving or stopped vacuum conveyor surface may at least partiallyreduce process variation (e.g., misalignment of two diaper edges), dueto product and/or raw material variation. After receiving the leadingend portion 650, the belt speed of the first conveyor 680 may beincreased to substantially match the belt speed of the second conveyor780. The leading end portion 650 is carried toward and ultimatelytransferred to the second vacuum conveyor 780 by the first vacuumconveyor 680. The first and second bifold conveyor assemblies 670 and770 may be configured to share one or more common elements such as, forexample, a shaft 687. Shaft 687 may be coupled to, e.g., a variablespeed drive motor and configured to drive the endless belt 681 of thefirst vacuum conveyor 680 at one or more speeds. The shaft 687 may alsoinclude one or more free-spinning rollers or pulley-like elements thatenable the shaft 687 to simultaneously operate as an idler roll for theendless belt 781 of the second vacuum conveyor 780. The second vacuumconveyor 780 may be driven by, e.g., a constant speed motor that drivesthe second vacuum conveyor belt 781 at, e.g., the surface speed of thefolding drum 630, by way of a mechanical coupling. By sharing shaft 687,the first and second vacuum conveyor belts 681, 781 may be configured tooverlap at one end in the machine direction (see FIG. 7), and therebyfacilitate transfer of the leading end portion 650 from the first vacuumconveyor 680 to the second vacuum conveyor 780. During transfer of theleading end portion 650 from the first vacuum conveyor 680 to the secondvacuum conveyor 780, the vacuum pressures on the first and secondconveyors 680, 780 may be configured (e.g., decreased/increased and/orstopped/started) to facilitate transfer of the leading end portion 650.After receiving the leading end portion 650, the second vacuum conveyor780 transports the leading end portion 650 toward the folding drum 630at a constant speed (e.g., the surface speed of the folding drum 630)until the leading end portion 650 and the trailing end portion 655 ofthe article 625 are aligned in a bifolded configuration.

FIG. 7 shows a graphical illustration 1000 of an example of speed/timerelationship for a single-conveyor bifold assembly 1030 and atwo-conveyor bifold assembly 1040. The x-axis 1020 of the graphrepresents the amount of time that the bifold conveyor is operating at aparticular speed. The y-axis 1010 shows the speed at which the bifoldconveyor is operating. In the case of the two-conveyor system 1040, thegraph 1000 shows the speed/time relationship for the first conveyor(i.e., the conveyor that engages the leading end portion of an articleon the peel-roll and transports the leading end portion to the secondconveyor). As can be seen from the graph, a two-conveyor system 1040 mayprovide more time for the first conveyor to speed up and slow downbetween the relatively high surface speed of a folding drum and therelatively low speed of engagement (i.e., the speed of the conveyor whenit engages the leading end portion of an article) than the singleconveyor system 1030. The increased amount of time for increasing anddecreasing the speed of the conveyor may result in higher manufacturingline speed capability. In certain embodiments, a servo motor may be usedto position the conveyor surfaces, and in such embodiments thetwo-conveyor system may reduce the position error of the servo (at leastin part due to the potential lower load on the servo) as well aspotentially reduce servo costs due to the lower precision requirementsof the servo. Further, the increased amount of time for increasing anddecreasing the speed of the conveyor may result in less wear and tear onthe bifold conveyor assembly, the vacuum conveyor, the article, and/orcomponents of these. While particular examples may be described asincluding one or two vacuum conveyors, it is to be understood thatembodiments comprising three or more vacuum conveyors are alsocontemplated herein.

In order to exemplify the advantage(s) of the disclosed bifoldingprocess, two commercially available disposable absorbent articles werecompared to a disposable absorbent article bifolded according to thedisclosed process. Table 1 summarizes the test results obtained frommeasuring LITTLE SWIMMERS brand swimming pants, large size (i.e., forbabies over 14.5 kg), available from the Kimberly-Clark Corporation,Neenah, Wis. Ten of the swimming pants were taken from the same packageand measured according to the Alignment Test described in more detailbelow.

TABLE 1 Kimberly Clark Little Swimmers CD Left CD Left CD Right CD RightWaist Leg CD difference Left Waist Leg CD difference Right MD Left MDRight MD difference 36 40 4 43 54 11 −8 2 10 31 40 9 45 50 5 −6 5 11 3135 4 46 52 6 −16 2 18 36 44 8 44 51 7 −5 2 7 34 46 12 47 48 1 −5 8 13 3643 7 44 55 11 −8 6 14 34 43 9 42 48 6 −14 −1 13 35 43 8 41 47 6 −7 4 1131 36 5 46 56 10 −6 4 10 34 44 10 45 51 6 −4 3 7 Average 7.6 6.9 11.4

Table 2 summarizes the test results obtained from measuring FMV brand,medium-sized training pants, available from the Tyco International,Ltd., Hamilton, Bermuda. Ten of the training pants were taken from thesame package and measured according to the Alignment Test described inmore detail below.

TABLE 2 FMV Product CD Left CD Left CD Right CD Right Waist Leg CDdifference Left Waist Leg CD difference Right MD Left MD Right MDdifference 6.5 10.5 4 1.5 6 4.5 0 3 3 4.5 7 2.5 2 7.5 5.5 2 6.5 4.5 6 104 0.5 4.5 4 1 4 3 6 7.5 1.5 4.5 6.5 2 1 4 3 5.5 8 2.5 1.5 6 4.5 3.5 12.5 7 8 1 3.5 7.5 4 3 6 3 4 8 4 1 8 7 4 8 4 6.5 9 2.5 4 9 5 1 4 3 4.5 105.5 1.5 8 6.5 0 4 4 4 8 4 2.5 10 7.5 0 5 5 Average 3.15 5.05 3.5

Table 3 summarizes the test results obtained from measuring ten trainingpant samples bifolded according to the bifold process disclosed herein.The training pant samples were fed into the bifold process by hand asindividual disposable absorbent articles. The samples were then measuredaccording to the Alignment Test described in more detail below.

TABLE 3 Bifolded Sample CD Left CD Left CD Right CD Right Waist Leg CDdifference Left Waist Leg CD difference Right MD Left MD Right MDdifference 0 0.6 0.6 0 0.6 0.6 5.1 5.1 0 5.1 0.6 4.5 2.5 5.1 2.6 3.8 7.6−3.8 2.5 3.8 1.3 1.3 3.8 2.5 6.3 7.6 −1.3 3.8 3.2 0.6 1.3 2.5 1.2 7.67.6 0 2.5 7.6 5.1 1.3 1.9 0.6 7.6 6.3 1.3 2.5 0 2.5 2.5 0 2.5 6.3 7.6−1.3 2.5 5.7 3.2 1.3 3.2 1.9 8.9 7.6 1.3 1.3 3.8 2.5 1.3 5.1 3.8 7.6 6.31.3 3.8 7.6 3.8 3.8 0.6 3.2 7.6 10.2 −2.6 2.5 7 4.5 2.5 3.2 0.7 10.210.2 0 Average 2.86 1.96 1.29

TABLE 4 Results Summary: Average CD MD accuracy, Accuracy, mm mmKimberly Clark Little Swimmers 7.25 11.4 FMV Product 4.10 3.5 BifoldedSample 2.41 1.29

Table 4 summarizes the results from Tables 1-3, and shows the average CDaccuracy and the average MD accuracy for each of the three samples. FromTable 4, it can be seen that only the sample bifolded according to thepresently disclosed bifolding process was aligned.

Test Method for the Alignment Test

One purpose of the Alignment Test is to determine the degree ofalignment between the front and back edges of a pant that has beenbifolded in the machine direction. Another purpose of the Alignment Testis to determine the alignment of the front and back waist edges of apant when the front and back edges of the absorbent article are seamedat the side of the absorbent article.

Procedure:

FIG. 8 shows a disposable absorbent article 320 in the form of a pant.To determine the cross direction folding accuracy (i.e., how straightthe front and back edges are when seamed at the pant side), first turnthe pant 320 inside out so that the side that is normally comprises theouter surface of the pant 320 now comprises the inner surface. On boththe left side 301 and right side 302 of the front face 300, locate theside seam line 311. Next, locate a raw material edge 312 that runsparallel to the machine direction, for example leg cuffs, elasticstretch materials, a glue bead, etc. Smooth out any wrinkles that may bepresent in the area between the raw material edge 312 and the side seam311. Then, keeping the article in a substantially contracted state(i.e., do not stretch the elastic portions of the article, or any otherportion), measure and record the distances from the side seam 311 to theparallel material edge 312 in millimeters (mm) at the following fourlocations: left side at waist D_(c1); left side at leg D_(c2); rightside at waist D_(c3); and right side at leg D_(c4). Repeat the distancemeasurements for a total of 10 pads. Subtract the distance measured forthe left side at waist D_(c1), from the distance measured for the leftside at leg D_(c2) for each of the 10 pads and then repeat for the rightside 302 (i.e. subtract right side at waist D_(c3) distance from rightside at leg D_(c4) distance). Record the calculated differences in waistto leg distance as absolute values for each of the left side 301 and theright side 302. Next, calculate the average difference for the left side301 values (i.e., add the left side 301 values together and divide by10). Repeat for the right side 302 values. This is the average CDdifference for each of the left and right sides 301, 302. Next,calculate the average CD accuracy value caused by the bifolding processby adding the left and right average CD misalignment values together anddividing the sum by 2.

To determine the machine direction folding accuracy (i.e., how accuratethe front end edge 330 matches up with the rear end edge 331 in themachine direction) first turn the pant 320 inside out and then place thefront side 300 of the pant 320 up so that it is visible to the tester.Smooth out any wrinkles that may be present in the area adjacent theside seam 311. Keeping the article in an uncontracted state, measure andrecord the distances measure the left side distance D_(m1) and rightside distance D_(m2) between the front end edge 330 and rear end edge331 of the pant 320 at the side seam line 311. If the rear end edge 331is protruding above the front end edge 330 (as shown in FIG. 10), recordthe measured distance as a positive number. If the front end edge 330 isprotruding above the back end edge 331 (i.e., the back end edge is notvisible when the pant 320 is substantially flat), record the measureddistance as a negative number. Subtract the right side distance D_(m2)from the left side D_(m1) and record the absolute value of thedifference as the MD difference for the pant 320 sample. Repeat themeasurement and calculation for a total of 10 samples. Average the 10 MDdifference values and record the result as the MD accuracy.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.”

Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or relatedpatent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation ofany document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect toany invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in anycombination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests ordiscloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning ordefinition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning ordefinition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, themeaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shallgovern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of the invention.

1. A method for folding an article into a bifold configuration, themethod comprising: a. placing the article onto a folding drum surface,the disposable absorbent article having a leading end portion and atrailing end portion; b. holding the article to the folding drum surfacewith a holding force; c. transferring at least a portion the leading endportion of the article to a peel-roll surface positioned adjacent thefolding drum surface; d. applying a peel-force to the leading endportion such that the leading end portion is held to the peel-rollsurface by the peel-force; e. holding at least a portion of the trailingend portion to the folding drum surface; f. transferring the leading endportion from the peel-roll surface to a movable surface of a firstvacuum conveyor, the movable surface of the first vacuum conveyorconfigured to have a first speed and a second speed, the movable surfaceof the first vacuum conveyor being driven by a drive mechanism coupledto the movable surface of the first vacuum conveyor, the leading endportion being transferred to the movable surface of the first vacuumconveyor when the movable surface of the first vacuum conveyor engagesthe leading end portion at the first speed, the movable surface of thefirst vacuum conveyor being configured to apply a vacuum force to theleading end portion when the movable surface of the first vacuumconveyor engages the leading end portion; g. holding the leading endportion from (f) to the movable surface of the first vacuum conveyorwith the vacuum force; h. accelerating the movable surface of the firstvacuum conveyor to the second speed; i. transferring the leading endportion from the movable surface of the first vacuum conveyor to asecond vacuum conveyor, the second vacuum conveyor including a secondvacuum conveyor movable surface; and j. transferring the leading endportion from the second vacuum conveyor movable surface to the foldingdrum such that the article is folded into a bifolded configuration. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein the first vacuum conveyor is coupled to apositioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism configured to positionthe movable surface of the first vacuum conveyor in a first position anda second position, the distance between the movable surface of the firstvacuum conveyor and the peel-roll surface in the first position beingless than the distance between the movable surface of the first vacuumconveyor and the surface of the peel-roll in the second position.
 3. Themethod of claim 2, wherein the leading end portion is engaged by themovable surface of the first vacuum conveyor when the movable surface ofthe first vacuum conveyor is in the first position.
 4. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the leading end portion is transferred to the movablesurface of the second vacuum conveyor from the movable surface of thefirst vacuum conveyor when the movable surface of the first vacuumconveyor is in the second position.
 5. The method of claim 2, whereinthe positioning mechanism varies the position of the movable surface ofthe vacuum conveyor from about 1 mm to 20 cm from the peel-roll surface.6. The method of claim 2, wherein the positioning mechanism continuouslyvaries the position of the movable surface of the vacuum conveyor. 7.The method of claim 1, wherein the leading end portion is transferred tothe movable surface of the second vacuum conveyor from the movablesurface of the vacuum conveyor at the second speed.
 8. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the leading end portion is transferred to the foldingdrum from the movable surface of the second vacuum conveyor at thesecond speed.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the leading end portionis transferred to the folding drum from the movable surface of thesecond vacuum conveyor at a third speed.
 10. The method of claim 1,wherein the folding drum surface has a folding drum surface speed, andthe folding drum surface speed and the second speed are substantiallythe same.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first speed is zero.12. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the article is securedto the folding drum with a securing force.
 13. The method of claim 12,wherein the securing force is provided by movable clamps.
 14. The methodof claim 12, wherein the article includes first and second opposinglongitudinal side edges and a lateral centerline and the securing forceis applied to the lateral centerline portion of at least one of the sideedges.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the movable surface of thefirst vacuum conveyor engages the leading end portion while the leadingend portion is held to the peel-roll surface.
 16. The method of claim 1,wherein the peel-force is at least one of reduced or removed prior toengaging the leading end portion with the movable surface of the firstvacuum conveyor.
 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the movable surfaceof the second conveyor is coupled to a constant speed drive motor. 18.The method of claim 1, wherein the article is aligned when the articleis bifolded.